Kinetic energy is the energy
an object possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work required to
accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its current velocity. It is
typically represented by the symbol "K" and is measured in joules
(J).
The formula for kinetic
energy is:
K = (1/2)mv^2
where:
K is the kinetic energy (in
joules, J)
m is the mass of the object
(in kilograms, kg)
v is the velocity of the
object (in meters per second, m/s)
In other words, kinetic
energy is proportional to the square of an object's velocity, and is directly
proportional to its mass. The greater the mass and velocity of an object, the
greater its kinetic energy.
For example, if a car of
mass 1000 kg is traveling at a velocity of 20 m/s, the kinetic energy of the
car can be calculated using the formula:
K = (1/2)mv^2
K = (1/2) × 1000 kg × (20
m/s)^2
K = 200,000 J
So, the kinetic energy of
the car in this case would be 200,000 joules.
Another example where the
formula for kinetic energy can be used is in a scenario where a ball is thrown
vertically upwards. If the ball has a mass of 0.5 kg and is thrown upwards with
an initial velocity of 10 m/s, we can calculate its kinetic energy using the
formula:
K = (1/2)mv^2
K = (1/2) × 0.5 kg × (10
m/s)^2
K = 25 J
So, the kinetic energy of
the ball at the instant it leaves the thrower's hand would be 25 joules.
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