Saturated And Unsaturated Solution

A saturated solution is a solution in which the solvent has completely dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a particular temperature and pressure. In other words, no more solute can dissolve in the solvent under those conditions. If more solute is added to a saturated solution, it will not dissolve and will remain as a solid or precipitate at the bottom of the container.

An unsaturated solution is a solution in which the solvent has not dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a particular temperature and pressure. In other words, more solute can dissolve in the solvent under those conditions. If more solute is added to an unsaturated solution, it will continue to dissolve until it becomes saturated.

The solubility of a substance is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature and pressure. The solubility of a substance depends on factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solvent and solute.

For example, consider a saltwater solution. If we add table salt (NaCl) to water, it will dissolve until the solution becomes saturated. At this point, the solution can no longer dissolve any more salt. If we add more salt, it will not dissolve and will remain as a solid at the bottom of the container. However, if we increase the temperature of the solution, the solubility of NaCl in water will increase, and more salt can dissolve. This is why it is easier to dissolve salt in hot water than in cold water.